Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Realism as portrayed in the plays An Enemy of the People and A Taste of Honey

Introduction Henry James in 1884 stated that, the supreme virtue of fiction is to produce an â€Å"air of reality† or an â€Å"illusion of life† James like many other writers valued and embraced an aesthetic of realism (Wharton 3). This form of art valued accurate representation of the psychological and material realities of life. Realism came about as a reaction against Romanticism.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Realism as portrayed in the plays An Enemy of the People and A Taste of Honey specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Realism presents things as they happen in real life; they often deal with social problems (Seino 4). In contrast to romanticism, where plays are based on emotions and feelings, realism allows the mind to rule over emotions. The first major realistic play Wright was Henric Ibsen; Ibsen earned the title â€Å"the father of realism.† His plays were often controversial as he w rote on subjects that had not been touched before and considered scandalous, for example, in his play Ghosts, he wrote about the indecent topic(at that time)on syphilis this earned him a lot of criticism leading him to respond by writing the play An enemy of the People(Twain para 2). Some of these realism writers were interested in exploring problems of inequality within the society they were referred to as â€Å"social realists.† This paper discusses the different styles of a realism play or drama. Discussion One main characteristic of a realistic play is that they do not have happy endings. In Realistic dramas, the characters employ the use of approximate everyday speech. This style is issued by most modern plays, television shows and movies (Twain para 5). The realistic play Wrights are not afraid of being a little unrealistic. In the play, An Enemy of the People, Ibsen uses a realistic framework to articulate his ideas on the stage. His character hyper-articulate their id eas to a slightly unrealistic tone, they talk for a very long time about â€Å"high minded† ideas in a generally conversational way. Ibsen’s play An Enemy of the People exemplifies the definition of realism by portraying the irrational tendencies carried by the masses. This play portrays Dr. Stockman, who is the protagonist, as a brave man who tries to do the right thing amid extreme social intolerance (Ibsen).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This play shows the realistic nature of the society we live in; it does not only paint the good pictures in our midst but also shows the negative that the society carries. On its part, A Taste of Honey is set in the 1950s British society. It tells a story of a 17-year old working class girl. Helen, her mother, is presented as a semi prostitute, who leaves her daughter to go and stay with her younger rich boyfriend Peter. Critic s have argued that the play is roughly set on her experience. Many similarities exist between the play An Enemy of the People and Delaney’s play The Taste of Honey. First of all, both plays portray the challenges faced by the society in tackling day to day situations affecting them. Furthermore, the endings in both plays are tragic as expected of most realism plays. In A Taste of Honey, the play ends by Helen being thrown out by Peter and moves back to stay with Jo her daughter, While Josephine is pregnant with a sailor’s baby who has gone to sea for six months. She is in labor pains but there is no one to help her as Geoff, her gay friend who came to stay with her when her mother moved, has left after being gotten rid by Helen. Helen cannot help her as she has gone drinking. Similarly, in An Enemy of the People, the play ends with Dr. Stockman claim being refused by his friends and allies. He is taunted as being a lunatic and â€Å"an enemy of the people.† The exposition of the play, An Enemy of the People, informs us that Dr. Stockman is often on the verge of extreme poverty but has been provided with a nice post by his brother who is the burgomaster in the new bath in town. However, it should be noted that the original idea of the Baths was Dr. Stockman’s. It should also be noted that, the two brothers share very little in common in the sense that while Dr. Stockman adheres to modernism and has liberal views while his brother is a traditionalist.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Realism as portrayed in the plays An Enemy of the People and A Taste of Honey specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This two plays can be contrasted in the sense that one of them is a realism while the other is realism or social realism. The two styles should not be confused with each other even though they are slightly similar to each other. In addition, they were formed around the same ti me. Social realism depicts racial, social and economic injustices. This kind of movement portrayed the impoverished working class society. In a social realism play, the audiences witness a movement from the objective towards the subjective representation (Seino 4). The play A Taste of Honey is a representation of a Kitchen Sink realism play, this type of play developed in Britain in the late 1950s and the early 1960s. In this form of art, the protagonists were mostly described as â€Å"angry young men,† their works expressed disillusionment and bitterness with post war English society. Delaney’s play was viewed as belonging to this group, especially after its production. The characters in social realism /kitchen-sink plays are often depicted as the working class, who spend their time drinking and live in rented houses in a northern Britain setting. The play Wright used this to explore social and political issues affecting the post-war Britain; this genre revolutionized the British theatre. The theme of alienation has been brought out clearly in both this plays. In A Taste of Honey, essentially, Jo has been abandoned by his mother who moves to a new house just before Christmas and lives with his boyfriend (Delaney Act I scene I). This loneliness leads to Josephine getting pregnant. While in the play, an Enemy of the People, Dr. Stockman is alienated by his allies and friends for taking a different position on the danger caused by the bath from that taken by the town. In thinking that the community is behind him and proud of him for his discovery, Doctor Stockman is portrayed as being naà ¯ve (An Enemy of the People: Analysis and Summary para 5). He overlooks other factors such as the inconvenience and expenses that will be caused to the town by his discovery. The play Wright, Ibsen, lays his point at the end of the play without any fear.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Doctor Stockman says, â€Å"I am the strongest in this town† (Ibsen Act v scene 1, 33), he goes further and says, â€Å"I am the strongest man in the world† (Ibsen Act v scene 1 34). One might ask what the meaning of being strong is. He then further explains the meaning of being strong, that â€Å"the strongest man in the world is who stands most alone.† His refusal to be silenced in the bath issue makes the entire town to go against him. He calls them, â€Å"the most dangerous enemy of the truth and freedom among us.† Dr. Stockman is in a weak position, but he has gained an individual identity a trait that many of us fail to acquire. He establishes himself in a world full of fools. Most of Ibsen’s protagonists fail to achieve this same thing. Conclusion The goal of the play Wright in An Enemy of the People is to criticize the principles of democracy. He argues that, in matters of right and wrong individual superiority matters more than that of the masses which is mostly guided by the self-advancing demagogues. One fundamental principle of our democratic culture holds that the majority of the people will make the right decision when confronted with a choice. The popularity of music, movies, fashion, etc. is evaluated based on what the majority of people decide to like. Political issues, from a motion at a school board meeting to a presidential election, are guided by decisions on the majority. Dr. Stockman denounces his community by stating, â€Å"The strongest man in the world is the man who stands most alone† sums up his claim (Ibsen Act v, scene 1, 35). In A Taste of Honey, the play Wright’s aim is to comment on everyday issues relating to race, class and sexual orientation in the 1950s Britain. She successfully uses her characters to highlight these themes. Her work was mostly viewed as a protest against poverty among the working class youth in Britain. Works Cited An Enemy of the People: Summary and Analysi s. Web. Delaney, Shelagh. A Taste of Honey, Oxford: Heinemann Educational Publishers, 1959. Print. Ibsen, H. An Enemy of the People,  2000. Web. Seino, T. Realism and Representation of the Working Class in Contemporary British  Cinema,  2010. Web. Twain, M.  Theater Through the Ages: Romantism and Realism. Web. Wharton, E. 2010, Social Realism Class Consciousness in America 1875 –  1920. Web. This essay on Realism as portrayed in the plays An Enemy of the People and A Taste of Honey was written and submitted by user Emilia Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Free Essays on Bill Fords Long Hard Road

Bill Ford’s Long, Hard Road In the article Bill Ford’s Long, Hard Road Home, Kathleen Kerwin discusses the problems that have been plaguing the Ford Motor Company over the past view years. She particularly focuses on William Clay Ford Jr. and the changes that have been intact since he took the ob of CEO of the auto giant. His plan is to return the Ford Motor brand back into one of the premier auto companies in the world. So far as CEO the company’s profits are up and there have been no recalls. There has also been an increase in the quality and productivity of the vehicles produced in Europe. As far as stakeholders in the company, the employees love Bill Ford. When Bill Ford took the job as CEO some of the employees gave him a standing ovation. Although William Clay Ford’s tenure looks promising right now, there are still some bumps in the road. For one, the company has a bad history with its suppliers. This relationship may be healed in time due to Bill Ford’s commitment t o improve the corporation. Another problem stems from environmentalists claims that the company isn’t doing enough for the environment. As we speak, the Ford Motor Company is testing a new Japanese technology that improves fuel economy in cars. With the odds stacked against him William Clay Ford Jr. is sure to have some failures. Hopefully, he has the vision and planning that his great grandfather had in order to turn the declining Ford brand back to dominance.... Free Essays on Bill Ford's Long Hard Road Free Essays on Bill Ford's Long Hard Road Bill Ford’s Long, Hard Road In the article Bill Ford’s Long, Hard Road Home, Kathleen Kerwin discusses the problems that have been plaguing the Ford Motor Company over the past view years. She particularly focuses on William Clay Ford Jr. and the changes that have been intact since he took the ob of CEO of the auto giant. His plan is to return the Ford Motor brand back into one of the premier auto companies in the world. So far as CEO the company’s profits are up and there have been no recalls. There has also been an increase in the quality and productivity of the vehicles produced in Europe. As far as stakeholders in the company, the employees love Bill Ford. When Bill Ford took the job as CEO some of the employees gave him a standing ovation. Although William Clay Ford’s tenure looks promising right now, there are still some bumps in the road. For one, the company has a bad history with its suppliers. This relationship may be healed in time due to Bill Ford’s commitment t o improve the corporation. Another problem stems from environmentalists claims that the company isn’t doing enough for the environment. As we speak, the Ford Motor Company is testing a new Japanese technology that improves fuel economy in cars. With the odds stacked against him William Clay Ford Jr. is sure to have some failures. Hopefully, he has the vision and planning that his great grandfather had in order to turn the declining Ford brand back to dominance....

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Constitutional Court in Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Constitutional Court in Europe - Essay Example The need for an effective and uniform EC law applying within national legal orders in compliance to a voluntary limitation f sovereignty by Member States is critical to the concept f integration. By considering the fact that supremacy is ultimately perceived throughout national courts to be a monolithic holy concept which bears tremendous implications if removed or limited, the question is then raised as to how Member States receive the 'supreme nature' f Community Law. In attempting to clarify the need for a supreme legal authority for integration, I will examine the supremacy f EC law and state its Treaty position with particular emphasis on significant case-laws that have shaped the supremacy debate. Furthermore, I will observe the Constitutionalization f the Treaty system, looking at the interplay f the doctrine f direct effect and doctrine f supremacy; under what conditions Member States might be provoked to challenge the authority f the ECJ; the expanding competence f the ECJ which now includes a political and judicial interplay f decision-making; and conclude with a look at what the Constitutional Treaty would have signified in terms f legalizing the doctrine f suprem acy and how the rejection has started questioning whether the Community law should be considered above and beyond national laws and if it has gone too far already. The role f the European Court f Justice in developing the legal means for the integration process and constructing a constitution from the Treaty f Rome is a fundamental factor in the eventual expansion f the Community into its form as a Union f soon to be 27 Member States. In order to understand the evolution f the ECJ from its initially idealized form designed by the Member States so that it "could not significantly compromise national sovereignty or national interest", to a judicial organ that entailed national legal organs to acknowledge its supremacy through "significant nonincremental adaptation f Community law, abandoning deeply entrenched, constitutive principles", an insight into the logic behind legal integration needs to be discussed. In respect to the relationship between legal integration and Member States, the neofunctionalist model f integration seeks to explain the role f both supranational and subnational actors and why nation-states accept the eventual infiltration f the Community law into the spheres f their national laws, which demands full jurisdiction and a limitation to their sovereignty. Legal integration, as perceived by the neofunctionalist model, is a two way process in which supranational and subnational actors both seek to further their own interests by respectively accepting and acceding certain rights and obligations in return for long term benefits, in a "'functional domain' shielded from the interplay f direct political interests". By building on this